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- Notes on the GNU Translation Project
- ************************************
-
- GNU is going international! The GNU Translation Project is a way to
- get maintainers, translators and users all together, so GNU will
- gradually become able to speak many native languages. A few packages
- already provide native language translation for their messages.
-
- If you found this `ABOUT-NLS' file inside a GNU distribution, you
- may assume that the distributed package does use GNU `gettext'
- internally, itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you
- do not need to install GNU `gettext' prior to configuring, installing
- or using this package with messages translated.
-
- Installers will find here some useful hints. These notes also
- explain how users should proceed for getting the programs to use the
- available translations. They tell how people wanting to contribute and
- work at translations should contact the appropriate team.
-
- When reporting bugs in the `intl/' directory or bugs which may be
- related to internationalization, you should tell about the version of
- `gettext' which is used. The information can be found in the
- `intl/VERSION' file, in internationalized packages.
-
- One advise in advance
- =====================
-
- If you want to exploit the full power of the GNU `gettext' package
- you should configure it using
-
- --with-gnu-gettext.
-
- No existing implementation at this point provides so many useful
- features (such as locale alias or message inheritance). It is also not
- possible to provide this additional functionality on top of a catgets
- implementation.
-
- Future versions of GNU `gettext' will very likely provide even more
- functionality. So it might be a good idea to change to GNU `gettext'
- as soon as possible.
-
- INSTALL Matters
- ===============
-
- Some GNU packages are "localizable" when properly installed; the
- programs they contain can be made to speak your own native language.
- Most such packages use GNU `gettext'. Other packages have their own
- ways to internationalization, predating GNU `gettext'.
-
- By default, this package will be installed to allow translation of
- messages. It will automatically detect whether the system provides
- usable `catgets' or `gettext' functions. If neither is available, the
- GNU `gettext' own library will be used. However, installers may use
- special options at configuration time for changing this behaviour. The
- commands:
-
- ./configure --with-gnu-gettext
- ./configure --disable-nls
-
- will respectively bypass system `catgets' or `gettext' to use GNU
- `gettext', or else, totally disable translation of messages.
-
- When you already have GNU `gettext' installed on your system and run
- configure without an option for your new package, configure will
- probably detect the previously built and installed `libintl.a' file and
- will decide to use this. This might be not what is desirable. You
- should use the more recent version of the GNU `gettext' library. I.e.
- if the file `intl/VERSION' shows that the library which comes with this
- package is more recent, you should use
-
- ./configure --with-gnu-gettext
-
- to prevent auto-detection.
-
- Internationalized packages have usually many `po/LL.po' files, where
- LL gives an ISO 639 two-letter code identifying the language. Unless
- translations are disabled, all those available are installed together
- with the package. However, the environment variable `LINGUAS' may be
- set, prior to configuration, to limit the installed set. `LINGUAS'
- should then contain a space separated list of two-letter codes, stating
- which languages are allowed.
-
- Using This Package
- ==================
-
- As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you
- only have to set the `LANG' environment variable to the appropriate
- ISO 639 `LL' two-letter code prior to using the programs in the
- package. For example, let's suppose that you speak German. At the
- shell prompt, merely execute `setenv LANG de' (in `csh') or
- `export LANG; LANG=de' (in `sh'). This can be done from your `.login'
- or `.profile' file, once and for all. Packages which are not
- internationalized will merely ignore the setting of this variable.
-
- Translating Teams
- =================
-
- The GNU `gettext' tool set contains *everything* maintainers need
- for internationalizing their packages for messages. It also contains
- quite useful tools for helping translators at localizing messages to
- their native language, once a package has already been
- internationalized.
-
- To achieve the GNU Translation Project, we need many interested
- people who like their own language and write it well, and who are also
- able to synergize with other translators speaking the same language.
- Each translating team has its own mailing list, courtesy of Linux
- International. You may reach your translating team at the address
- `LL@li.org', replacing LL by the two-letter ISO 639 code for your
- language. Language codes are *not* the same as country codes given in
- ISO 3166. The following translating teams exist, as of November 1995:
-
- Chinese `zh', Czech `cs', Danish `da', Dutch `nl', English `en',
- Esperanto `eo', Finnish `fi', French `fr', Irish `ga', German
- `de', Greek `el', Italian `it', Japanese `ja', Indonesian `in',
- Norwegian `no', Persian `fa', Polish `pl', Portuguese `pt',
- Russian `ru', Spanish `es', Swedish `sv', Telugu `te' and Turkish
- `tr'.
-
- For example, you may reach the Chinese translating team by writing to
- `zh@li.org'.
-
- If you'd like to volunteer to *work* at translating messages, you
- should become a member of the translating team for your own language.
- The subscribing address is *not* the same as the list itself, it has
- `-request' appended. For example, Swedish people can send a message to
- `sv-request@li.org', having this message body:
-
- subscribe
-
- Keep in mind that team members should be interested in *working* at
- translations, or at solving translational difficulties, rather than
- merely lurking around. If your team does not exist yet and you want to
- start one, please write to `gnu-translation@prep.ai.mit.edu'; you will
- then reach the GNU coordinator for all translator teams.
-
- The English team is special. It works at improving and uniformizing
- the terminology used in GNU. Proven linguistic skill are praised more
- than programming skill, here. For the time being, please avoid
- subscribing to the English team unless explicitely invited to do so.
-
- Available Packages
- ==================
-
- Languages are not equally supported in all GNU packages. The
- following matrix shows the current state of GNU internationalization,
- as of November 1995. Listed are: internationalized packages, and
- languages for which work is in progress, or about to start.
-
- See note cs de en fr it ja nl no pt sv
- \ .-------------------------------.
- chess (1) | X / X |
- clisp | X X X |
- diffutils (2) | / . |
- fileutils | . / |
- flex (3) | / . |
- m4 | - / - - . - |
- gettext | X / X X X |
- ptx | - / - - |
- recode | - / - - - |
- sh-utils | . / . |
- sharutils | X / X X X X X |
- tar | X / X - X X |
- textutils | . / . |
- wdiff | - - / - - |
- `-------------------------------'
- cs de en fr it ja nl no pt sv
-
- The interpretation legend and notes are:
-
- `/'
- There is no PO file, this package merely defaults to this language.
-
- `.'
- The effort of localizing this package has been undertaken by
- someone, or by a translating team, and work is, or should be in
- progress.
-
- `-'
- A PO file for this package and this language is completed and is
- currently available in a pretest release, or is all ready for
- inclusion in the next release of this package.
-
- `X'
- The localization of this package to this particular language is
- fully completed, and now distributed through an official release.
-
- (1)
- This package is translated to specific languages by methods
- predating GNU `gettext'. Translations are all kept on disk files,
- and sources contain numbers where one normally expects strings.
-
- (2)
- This package is planned to switch to GNU `gettext'. For the time
- being, it uses temporary means for internationalization.
-
- (3)
- This package has its translatable strings marked, but does not use
- GNU `gettext'. A convenience patch may be available separately.
-
- If November 1995 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy
- of this `ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites.
-
-